Ansiedad en profesores de educación básica asociada a la Reforma Educativa en México

Francisco Sanchez Narvaez

doi:10.53436/D1A3P4M7

Francisco Sanchez Narvaez Instituto Superior de Ciencias de la Educación del Estado de México. Estado de México. México https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0096-645X

Palabras clave: ansiedad, reforma educativa, docentes, estrés laboral, trastornos emocionales

Resumen

Se estima que existe una proporción significativa de docentes con alteraciones o problemas emocionales. Diversos factores pueden incrementar esta prevalencia. Estos aspectos pueden influir de forma directa o indirecta en la salud mental y/o emocional de los docentes. Uno de los problemas psicológicos más frecuentes entre los profesores es el estrés laboral (EL) que se asocia a diferentes trastornos emocionales, como la ansiedad. Por otra parte, la implementación de la Reforma Educativa (RE) ha provocado diferentes controversias, desde sociales, políticas, culturales, hasta emocionales, que pueden influir en el estado de ánimo y salud mental de los docentes. La presente investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la relación entre la ansiedad y la percepción de las dificultades ante la Reforma Educativa en el trabajo docente. En el estudio participaron 514 docentes del Valle de México, solo complementaron los instrumentos de medición 459. La muestra de profesores que participaron en la investigación no se seleccionó aleatoriamente. La ansiedad se evaluó utilizando el inventario de Ansiedad de Beck y se realizaron cuatro preguntas exprofeso con respecto a la percepción de los maestros sobre RE. Los profesores presentan mayor demanda y exigencia en el trabajo, menor reconocimiento social, los docentes se perciben preocupados, decepcionados con respecto a la Reforma Educativa y esto se asocia de manera significativa con la ansiedad. La Reforma Educativa está relacionada con la ansiedad en los docentes; mayor exigencia y dificultad en el trabajo, y menor reconocimiento social se vinculan de manera significativa con un estado emocional de ansiedad.

Citas

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